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Joseph Alexander Gray was born in 1884 in Melbourne, Australia. In 1907 he graduated from Melbourne University with a B.Sc. in Mathematics and Physics. With the help of a scholarship Gray studied for three years, from 1909 to 1912, under Ernest Rutherford at Manchester, England. He received both his M.Sc. and D.Sc. from Manchester University. In 1913 Gray became a lecturer at McGill University in Montreal. During World War I Gray obtained leave and joined the Canadian artillery. Shortly after the war, in 1919, he married in London and returned to McGill. In 1924 Gray took the post of Chown Research Professor at Queen's University, where he remained until his retirement in 1952. Gray died in 1966.

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The British government stationed British Army regiments in Canada for its defence from the close of the Seven Years' War (1763) until 1871. Generally, these forces were garrisoned in fortifications such as those found in Quebec, Kingston and Halifax and could be augmented from time to time by reinforcements from Britain in response to war scares, rebellion and war itself. As well, a permanent fleet base was maintained in Halifax for the Royal Navy.
In the late 1860s, the British government decided that as colonial governments were now responsible for governing their own territory, they should also be responsible for their own defence. By 1871, all British garrisons had been removed, either returning to Britain or sent to duty in other Imperial outposts.

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On 25th March 1824 the 97th of Foot, or the Earl of Ulster's Regiment, was raised at Winchester, in due course it was to become known as the 2nd Battalion of The Queens Own Royal West Kent Regiment. It went overseas in 1825 and served in Ceylon, Corfu, Halifax (Nova Scotia) and Greece.

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Imperial War Museum, London, England, is unique in its coverage of conflicts, especially those involving Britain and the Commonwealth, from the First World War to the present day. It seeks to provide for, and to encourage, the study and understanding of the history of modern war and "war-time experience." The Museum spans a huge range of activities not only at its main London location but also at its four other branches. The Museum is partially government-funded and also relys on sponsorship and donations.